The positive impacts of global warming include the increase in crop productivity due to the fertilization effect caused by the increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere, expansion of the areas available for the production of tropical and subtropical crops, expansion of two crops farming due to the increased.
For each plant variety, there is an optimal temperature for vegetative growth, with growth dropping off as temperature increases or decreases. similarly, there is a range of temperatures at which a plant will produce seed.
Despite technology advances, such as improved varieties, generally modified organisms, and irrigation systems, the weather is still a key factor in agriculture productivity, as well as soil properties and natural communities.
The effect of climate on agriculture is related to variabilities in local climates rather than in global climates patterns.
Climate change induced by increasing greenhouse gases is likely to affect crops differently from region to region.
In long terms, climate change could affect agriculture in several ways:
- productivity, in terms of quantity and quality of crops.
- agriculture practices, through changes in water use and agriculture inputs such as insecticides and fertilizers.
- environmental effects, in particular in the relation to frequency and intensity of soil drought,soil erosion, reduction of crop diversity.
- rural space, though the loss and gain of cultivated land, land speculation, land renunciation, and hydraulic amenities.